Worth



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. M. CULLINGWORTH. REGULATOR FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

No. 508,208. Patented Nov. 7, 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT M. OULLINGWORTH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

REGULATOR FOR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 508,208, dated November 7, 1893. Application filed May 6, 1892. Serial No. 432,000. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT M. CULLING- WORTH, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Regulators for Dynamo Electric Machines, of which the followin g is such a full, clear, and exact description as w1ll enable any one skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

The object of my invention is to provide efficlent means for automatically regulating the current of a dynamo electric machine, by shifting the brushes or current collector in accordance with the condition of load. The. principle upon which this regulator operates 1s the attraction of a piece of magnetic material by the magnetized iron core of the armature which magnetism is increased or decreased by the increase or decrease of the currentcirculating through the dynamo-the magnetic material or body being attracted toward the armature or falling away therefrom according as the current increases or decreases. As the increase of current attracts the magnetic body the brushes are shifted toward the neutral point until the normal current is restored.

I have illustrated a type of my invention in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1, is a side view of my improvement applled to a well known form of unipolar machine having two armatures with a commutator and brushes for each. Fig. 2, is an end v ew of the same. Fig. 3, is a view in sectlon, the plane of which section is indicated by line 3-3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is an enlarged vlew of the device for operating the rockshaft which controls the movement of the cur rent collector, shown as detached and in section on a broken plane indicated by line 4-4, Fig. 2. In this view, the ratchets are shown 111 a position mid-way of their range of movement, under which condition the brushes 7, 7, assume the position indicated by dotted-in l1nes in Fig. 3. Fig. 5, is an enlarged perspective View of the rock-shaft operating device and a portion of the connections intermediate the same and the vibrating magnetic body, as will be hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, in which like numbers of reference indicate like parts throughout, 1, 1, designate the end frames of a well known form of dynamo electric machine; 2, the armature shaft mounted therein; 3, 3. the armatures; 4, 4, the pole-pieces; 5, 5, the field magnets, and 50, 50, the fieldmagnet cores or bars. Each armature 3, is provided with a commutator 6, which is engaged by the brushes or current collectors 7, 7, carried by the yoke 8', which is mounted to turn on the armature shaft 2.

This machine is of the peculiar type shown in United States Letters Patent of O. E. Ball, No. 259,791, granted June 20, 1882, and No. 285,549, granted September 25, 1883, and in which each armature has a pole-piece upon one side only thereof.

Each yoke 8 is connected by means of a link 9, to a fixed arm 10 carried bya horizontally-arranged rock-shaft 11, in such a manner that the turning of the rock-shaft in one direction or the other on its axis may accordingly shift the brushes on the commutator one way or the other. The brushes are controlled automatically through the intermediary of this rock-shaft, and other suitable connections now to be described, by means of a vibrating magnetic mass or body 12, which is arranged in suitable proximity to the armature 8. The magnetic body 12, asshown, consists in a metallic plate formed on an arc of suitable curvature to lie as close as possible to the armature when attracted thereto. The respective ends of this body 12 are supported by rods 13 and 14, which depend from the respective ends of the cross-piece 15 carried upon the end of the lever 16, which is pivoted at 17 upon a post 18 projecting fromthe field-magnet core 50. The other end of the tilting lever 16 extends through an opening 19 in the head of a bracket 20, which is fastened to the end frame of the machine and the vertical play of this end of the lever is regulated by a regulating-screw 21, which is set in the bracket so as to project into the opening 19 and engage with its end the upper face of the lever. A retractile spring 22 is connected with this end of the lever which it serves to hold down normally and thereby elevate the other end of the lever and hold the magnetic body 12 at its extreme limit of ICO outward movement. This retractile spring is adjustably mounted beneath the lever and upon a suitable extension of the bracket 20 by means of a screw-stem 23, which passes loosely through the extension of the bracket and is provided with the two adjusting nuts 24, 24:, arranged one upon each side of such extension.

Near the end of the lever 16 is adjustably mounted a rigid arm 25 which extends horizontally therefrom and may be adjusted along its length and held in adjustment by a setscrew 26. A rod or link 27 is pivoted at its upper end to the arm 25 and at its lower end to an arm 28 extending rigidly from a shaft 29 which is mounted in the upright pieces or standards 30 of the pawl-actuator, so as to be capable of rocking therein. This shaft 29 carries two pawls 31 and 32, which are made fast thereto and project in opposite directionsone of the pawls proj ect-in g toward the right hand and the other toward the left. These pawls co operate with the curved ratchets 33 and 34, respectively, the teeth of one ratchet being inclined in a direction opposite that of the other, and the pawls being arranged so that only one of them can be in engagement with its ratchet at a time. The segmental or curved ratchets 33 and 3 1, are made fast to the rock-shaft 11, and control the rocking of the shaft in one direction or the other according to which ratchet is operated. The pawl-carrier and actuator, by means of which the ratchets are driven, consists of an open L'shaped frame or bracket 35, the vertical part- 30 of which constitutes the mounting for the pawl-shaft 29, while the opening thereof between the parallel sides of the frame receives the ratchets 33 and 34. The bracket 35 is formed at its angle with elongated openings 36 arranged in alignment with each other for loosely receivingthe rock-shaft 11, on which the frame or bracket may be reciprocated horizontally, at the same time given a slight rocking movement on said shaft. The reciprocating and slight rocking movement of the frame 35 is imparted thereto by means of a tubular eccentric-shaft 37 which passes through the end bearing 38 of the frame. This tubular shaft 37 is mounted to rotate upon an arbor 39 which is securedat its inner end to a hanger or bracket 10. The hanger 10 is suitably fastened to the end frame of the machine and is provided at its outer end with a bearing 41 for the rock-shaft 11. The tubular shaft 37 is constantly driven through means of any suitable 1notorthe driving means in the present construction consisting in a drive-pulley 42 which is secured tothe shaft and driven by a belt 43, receiving its motion from the armature shaft 2.

From-the foregoing description the operation of the mechanism will be readily understood. The constant rotation of the eccentric-shaft 37, causes the pawl-actuator 35 to move to and fro horizontally on the rockshaft 11, in the direction indicated by the double arrow thereon in Fig. 5 and at the same time gives the actuatoraslight rocking or oscillating movement'on the rock-shaft as an axis. The magnetic action of the arma ture upon the magnetic body 12 so controls the movement of the tilting-lever 16 as to raise or depress the arm 25 carried thereby, whereby the rod or link 27 is accordingly raised or lowered, which movement turns the pawl-shaft 29 one way or the other through means of the crank arm 28, and accordingly engages one pawl or the other with its ratchet. One of the pawls now being in engagement with its ratchet, thelatteris moved by the reciprocations of the pawl-actuator 35, thereby turning the rock-shaft 11 in a corresponding direction and shifting the brushes accordingly. This movement of the ratchet and of the brushes or current-collector continues until the magnetic action of the armature 'upon the magnetic body causes the pawl to be disengaged, and either both of the pawls to remain out of engagement orthe otherone to move into engagement and reverse the movement of the brushes according to the conditions. If, for example, the current be increased, the magnetic body 12 will be attracted toward the armature thereby raising the outer end of the tilting lever 16 and turning the pawl-shaft 29 in the direction of the adjacent arrow, shown in Fig. 5, which move ment will throw the pawl 31 into engagement with its ratchet 33, andthercby turn the shaft 11, as per the adjacent arrow, which movement will serve, through means of the arm10 and link 9, to move the brushes toward the neutral point until the-normal current is restored, at which time neitherpawl will be in engagement with its ratchet.

Fig. 3 of the drawings shows the position of the brushes or current-collectorat the maximum electro-motive force. hen the machine is started up the tilting-lever 16 is held infixed position by means of alatch 4A, which is shown in Fig. 5 as released from engagement with the lever, the locking of which may obviously be effected by swinging the latch upwardly into engagement with the lever.

In the operation of my regulator I find that the best result is produced when the tilting lever 16, which is made of magnetic metal, and carries the cross-piece 15 and thedepending bars 13 and 1 4, also made of magnetic metal, is magnetically connected with the metal of the machine lying in the magnetic circuit. I, therefore, make the supportingpost 18-of magnetic metal and mountthe same at any convenient point directly on the metal of the machine contained in the magnetic circuit, thereby affording a magnetic path between the magnetic body 12 and the metal of the machine, upon which the tilting-lever is mounted. In the construction which I have shown, I have placed the supporting-post 18 directly upon the field-magnet core or bar 50, as the same affords a convenient location. I may, however, secure the supporting-post for the-tilting-lever directly to the pole-piece 4, I

or I may place it anywhere else onrthe .metal of the machine lying in the magnetic circuit and accomplish the same result. In thus utilizing the magnetic quality, 1 construct the portion of the tilting-lever 16 lying between its hinge or pivot and the end carrying the magnetic body 12, of magnetic metal, while the other portion of the lever is made of a non-magnetic material such as brass or wood. This diiference of structure of the two portions of the lever is indicated in the drawings by the words magnetic and non-magnetic. It will be found preferable to thus construct this lever in order to obtain a delicate action of the same, for in case of the lever being made entirely of magnetic metal, its action will be sluggish, owing, doubtless, to the magnetic .action of the machine upon the outer end of the lever.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Pat- 4 ent, is-

1. The combination of a dynamo electric machine having two armatures and a polepiece upon one side only of each armature and provided with a movable current collector, a vibrating magnetic body arranged in proximity to one of said armaturesand suitably supported from and magnetically-connected with the metal of the machine in the magnetic circuit, said body connectedwith and operating said current collector for regulating the machine.

2. The combination of a dynamo electric machine having a movable current-collector, a magnetic body magnetically-collected with the metal of the machine in the magnetic circuit for shifting said current-collector, said magnetic body being arranged in proximity to the armature of the machine and adapted :0 vibrate under the influence of said armaure.

3. A regulator for a dynamo electric machine consisting in the combination with a movable current-collector, of a magnetic body pivoted upon the metal of the machineinthe magnetic circuit and magnetically-connected therewith and vibrating in proximity to the armature and connected with and operating the said current-collector.

4. A regulator for a dynamo electric machine consisting in the combination of a movable current-collector, a rock-shaft connected with the current-collector and provided with ratchets having the teeth of one inclined oppositely to the teeth of the other, a reciprocating pawl-carrier provided with two pawls one for each ratchet, a vibrating magnetic body arrangedinproximity to the armature and connections intermediate the same and the said pawls, whereby the position of the saidbody relative to the armature may accordingly effect the engagement of one pawl or the ,other with its respective ratchet and turn the rock-shaft in one direction or the other.

5. A regulator for a dynamo clectric'machine consisting in the combination of a movable current-collector, a rock-shaft connected with the current-collector and providedwith two segmental ratchets secured thereto and having the teeth of one inclined in an opposite direction to the teeth of the other, a constantly-reciprocating pawl-carrier provided with a pawl for each of said ratchets 'and adapted to engage said ratchets one at a time, a vibrating magnetic body arranged in proximity to the armature and connected with and controlling said pawls whereby one or the other of the same may be thrown into action according to the position of the body relative to the armature thereby turning the rock-shaft in one direction or the other, and

effecting the corresponding shifting of the current-collector.

6. A regulator for a dynamo electric machine consisting in the combination of a movable current-collector and a rock-shaft con-' nected therewith and provided with a device for turning the shaft in one direction or the other, a vibrating magnetic body arrangedin proximity to the armature, a spring-retracted lever carrying said body and connected with and controlling the device operating the said rock-shaft.

7; A regulator for a dynamo electric machine consisting in the combination of the current-collector or brushes and a shifter' mature and magnetically-connected with the metal of the machine in the magnet circuit a pivoted lever 16 carrying said body 12, and connections intermediate the said lever and brush shifter for controlling the engagement of the said motor therewith to effect the movement thereof in one direction or the'other'.

8. A regulator for a dynamo electric ma chine consisting in the combination of the current-collector or brushes, a rock-shaft 11 connected with and operating the collector or brushes and provided with the curved ratchets 33 and'34, the pawls 31 and 32 for engaging and operating said ratchets, respectively, and provided with a shaft 29, an actuator for operating the said pawls, a vibrating mag-- netic body 12 arranged in proximity to the armature and a spring-actuated tilting-lever 16 carrying said body and mounted upon the metal of the machine lying in the magnetic circuit, connections intermediate said lever and the said pawl-shaft 29, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. A regulator for a dynamo electric machine consisting in the combinationof therock-shaft and adapted to reciprocate trans versely to the shaft and provided with means for reciprocating it, the fixed pawls 3i and 32, provided with a shaft 29 mounted to rotate in the bracket 35, a vibrating magnetic body 12 and connections intermediate the same and the said pawl-shaft 29, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. A regulator for a dynamo electric machine consisting in the combination of the current-collector or brushes and arock-shaft 11 connected therewith and controlling the same, the curved ratchets 33 and 34, mounted upon said rock-shaft, a reciprocating frame 35 provided with elongated openings 36 for receiving the shaft 11, an eccentric shaft 37 mounted in said frame 35 for reciprocating ALBERT M. CULLINGWOR'III.

Witnesses:

WM. A. NICHOLSON, WILLIs FOWLER. 

